What causes insulin resistance in non-insulin-dependent diabetes?

Characteristic of both obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance is triggered at the level of the target tissue and can be induced by three general categories of causes: (1) an abnormal beta cell secretory product, (2) circulating insulin antagonists, or (3) a target tissue defect in

What is the difference between insulin dependent and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

This form of diabetes usually develops in children or young adults, but can occur at any age. In type 2 diabetes (which used to be called adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes) the body produces insulin, but the cells don’t respond to insulin the way they should.

What is the underlying pathophysiology of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?

Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) results from an imbalance between insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional studies have demonstrated that the earliest detectable abnormality in NIDDM is an impairment in the body’s ability to respond to insulin.

Which is the cause of type I insulin dependent diabetes?

The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown. Usually, the body’s own immune system — which normally fights harmful bacteria and viruses — mistakenly destroys the insulin-producing (islet, or islets of Langerhans) cells in the pancreas.

Can you be insulin resistant and not diabetic?

In people with insulin resistance, the cells are unable to use insulin effectively. When the cells cannot absorb glucose, levels of this sugar build up in the blood. If glucose, or blood sugar, levels are higher than usual but not high enough to indicate diabetes, doctors refer to this as prediabetes.

What exercise is best for insulin resistance?

Any type of physical activity has the potential to make your insulin work better, and combining aerobic activities — such as brisk walking, swimming, and cycling — with resistance training, or weight training, appears to have the greatest effect.

Which type of diabetes is not insulin-dependent?

Type 2 diabetes (formerly called adult-onset or non–insulin-dependent diabetes) can develop at any age. It most commonly becomes apparent during adulthood. But type 2 diabetes in children is rising.

What is the difference between diabetes and diabetes mellitus?

The term diabetes is derived from Latin (originally Greek) and means “to go through or siphon,” referring to a large amount of urine produced by the kidneys. The term mellitus, in Latin, means “sweet.” Diabetes mellitus causes high blood glucose levels and glucose eventually spills into the urine.

Can diabetes be cured completely?

No cure for diabetes currently exists, but the disease can go into remission. When diabetes goes into remission, it means that the body does not show any signs of diabetes, although the disease is technically still present.

What happens in non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus?

Non-insulin-dependent (type II) diabetes mellitus is an inherited metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia with resistance to ketosis. The onset is usually after age 40 years. Patients are variably symptomatic and frequently obese, hyperlipidemic and hypertensive.

What are the complications of diabetes mellitus?

Complications

• Cardiovascular disease.
• Nerve damage (neuropathy).
• Kidney damage (nephropathy).
• Eye damage (retinopathy).
• Foot damage.
• Skin conditions.
• Hearing impairment.
• Alzheimer’s disease.

What are the complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus?

Potential complications of diabetes and frequent comorbidities include: Heart and blood vessel disease. Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure and narrowing of blood vessels (atherosclerosis). Nerve damage (neuropathy) in limbs.

Can you suddenly get diabetes?

There are a few types of diabetes, though the main two types are type 1 and type 2 diabetes. They differ based on what causes them. You may have sudden symptoms of diabetes, or a diagnosis may surprise you because the symptoms have been gradual over many months or years.

Does type 1 diabetes lower immune system?

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease. The pancreas can’t make insulin because the immune system attacks it and destroys the cells that produce insulin. Kids and teens with type 1 diabetes are at risk for other autoimmune problems, but these aren’t actually caused by the diabetes.

How is insulin dependent diabetes diagnosed?

Type 2 diabetes is usually diagnosed using the glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test. This blood test indicates your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. Diagnosis

1. Below 5.7% is normal.
2. 5.7% to 6.4% is diagnosed as prediabetes.
3. 6.5% or higher on two separate tests indicates diabetes.